Sharing Linux

Friday, September 26, 2014

How to make sudo password display as asterisk in Linux terminal

In this tutorial, I'm going to share on how to make password display as asterisk in the terminal.Normally when we type our password in the terminal, nothing is display. This simple tips will help you not to delete all the characters when you misspell your sudo password. :)

To do this , you need to edit sudoer file in /etc directory. Please make sure that you use visudo command to edit this file. visudo command has the function to edit the file and checking it syntax upon saving. You will not want to mess with this file as if something goes wrong, you will having problem in getting root privilege.

Steps

1)Run Visudo command to edit /etc/sudoers file

Run visudo command

2)Edit the file and save.

2.1 ) Add "Defaults" and "pwfeedback" to the file

2.2) Press "Ctrl -X" and press "Y" to save the file .

3)Exit current terminal and open new one for it to take effect.

run any sudo command and see the asterisk for password

Read Previous : How to use ls command 10 tips and tricks

Friday, September 5, 2014

How to add Kali Linux repos,Guest addition and share folder with host in Ubuntu Virtualbox

In this post, I'm going to share how to add Kali Linux repositories, guest addition and share folder with host in Ubuntu virtualbox. Please visit here for Kali Linux official guide.

I was having problem with my linux header file to install on my system and I think, this is the easiest way to get it done. I will share the video later on my channel .

STEPS

1)Adding reposistories Steps

1.1) Check your repositories at "etc/apt/sources.list" file and edit it if needed. By default it should have below link . Please read on Kali Linux page for more details .

deb http://http.kali.org/kali kali main non-free contrib

deb http://security.kali.org/kali-security kali/updates main contrib non-free

deb-src http://http.kali.org/kali kali main non-free contrib

deb-src http://security.kali.org/kali-security kali/updates main contrib non-free

1.2)Open the terminal and type

root@Positive-Space:~$ cat etc/apt/sources.list

check the sources.list

1.3) Edit the list if needed

root@Positive-Space:~$ vi etc/apt/sources.list

to insert in vi , press i and add above link in the file . After finished edit sources.list file , press Esc followed with :wq! to write,save and exit vi editor.

edit the file

2)Adding Kali Linux Guest addition

2.1) Run in terminal

root@Positive-Space:~$ apt-get install virtualbox-guest-x11

apt-get install virtualbox-guest-x11

2.2) Choose "No" for keeping default version

2.3)Reboot Kali Linux to activate the new setting.

2.4) Kali Linux will be in full screen after reboot.

Full screen setting

3)Adding share folder with host

3.1)Create a new folder in your host

3.2) Go to Virtualbox Kali Linux "settings" and go to shared folders

3.3)Right click and add a "shared folder" by choosing the newly created folder

add shared folder

Choose other

Select folder location

3.4) Tick "Auto mount" and "make permanent" selection

tick auto mount and make permanent box

Added folder

3.5) Go to Kali Linux and reboot the system.

3.6) Once rebooted, Click Place> and look under media for newly shared folder

shared folder

3.7)Click the folder and add it to Bookmarks by clicking "Bookmarks>Add bookmark"

add bookmark

3.8) Bookmark will be added on left hand panel

Bookmark folder will appear on left hand corner

Read Previous: How to install Kali Linux in Ubuntu Virtualbox for penetration testing and hacking

Read Next :How to add user in Kali Linux using Grahical User Interface or GUI

Monday, August 25, 2014

How to install Kali Linux in Ubuntu Virtualbox for penetration testing and hacking

In this post, I'm going to share step by step how to install Kali Linux in Ubuntu Virtualbox for penetration testing and hacking.Before we go further , please make sure you have Virtualbox installed in your Ubuntu system.Please check my previous tutorial on how to install Virtualbox in Ubuntu .

Requirement

Kali Linux require

1.A minimum of 10 GB disk space for the Kali Linux install

2.For i386 and amd64 architectures, a minimum of 512MB RAM.

What we will do in this tutorial

1. Download Latest Kali Linux

2. Check Sha1sum (optional)

3. Create Kali Linux Virtual Machine on Virtualbox

4. Configure Kali Linux Virtual Machine additional settings

5. Install Kali Linux on Hard Drive

6. Reboot and login to Kali Linux Virtual Machine

Steps

1.Download kali linux from their website.

1.1) Choose the right software version compatible with your system by checking in the terminal

shark_attack@Positive-Space:~$ file /sbin/init

Checking System CPU bit

Choose the right file to download

1.2)Choose either to download using torrent or direct.

Saving Torrent

Downloading Torrent

Downloading in progress

2. Check Sha1sum (optional) once the download completed.This step is to make sure the downloaded file is not corrupted

2.1) Open the terminal and navigate to the downloaded file location.

2.2) Run command to check sha1sum and use Sha1sum given in Kali Linux download page. In my case, my Sha1sum is "6edfe99df28747d828ef6de17ded66fed6659a86"

shark_attack@Positive-Space:~/Downloads/kali-linux-1.0.8-i386$ sha1sum kali-linux-1.0.8-i386 | grep 6edfe99df28747d828ef6de17ded66fed6659a8

Copy the Sha1sum from website

2.3) Check the file on your system terminal .

Sha1sum checking

3. Create Kali Linux Virtual Machine on Virtualbox

3.1) Open Oracle Virtualbox Manager from 'Dash Home'

Search Ora

3.2)Click 'New' to add new virtual system

Adding new Virtual system

3.3)Give your Virtual machine 'Name ,Type and Version > Next'

Name,Type,Version

3.4)Allocate memory size for your virtual system. I'm using 1024MB for my Kali Linux. The RAM amount depends on what you plan to do with your Virtualbox, how many client you want to run concurrently on Ubuntu host and don't forget Ubuntu host also needs RAM to work . Then proceed with 'Next' button .

RAM size

3.5) Click 'Create virtual hard drive' > 'Create' . Kali Linux require at least 10 GB of hard drive size.

3.6) Choose VDI to install Kali Linux on your hard drive. For further reading on virtual storage, please visit here.

Choose VDI

3.7)Choose 'Dynamically allocated' for more flexible storage system. And click 'Next' .For further reading, please visit here.

Dynamically allocated

3.7)Choose file location and size. I Choose 20GB for my Kali Linux virtual system . Then click 'Create'

Adding disk size

4. Configure Kali Linux Virtual Machine additional settings

4.1) Click 'Settings'

Settings

4.2)Go to System on the left hand panel and click 'Processor'

4.3)Tick 'Enable PAE/NX' function . PAE is short form of 'Physical Address Extension'. his setting will enables 32-bit processors to access more than 4 GB of physical memory. If your client is running on 32 bit processor, This is made possible by adding 4 bit to memory addresses. if a system is running on 32 bit x86, it will have 36 bit and can addressed up to 64 GB of RAM.

NX means 'No Execute' . This means your CPU know how to prevent memory safer by prevent programs from executing code in that part.

You can check your processor details in BIOS .

Enable PAE/NX

4,4) 'Start' Kali Linux virtual machine .

Click Start

5. Install Kali Linux on Hard Drive

5.1)Choose Kali Linux image in location where you download it. Then click 'Start'

Choose Kali Linux ISO

Click Start

5.2) Choose 'Install'

Install

5.3) Choose 'Language'

Language

5.4)Choose 'Country'

5.5) Configure the 'Keyboard'

5.6)Configure 'Hostname' . Key in any name you want for your Kali host and 'Continue'

5.7)Configure network 'domain' . you can skip if you want. Then 'Continue'

Network domain

5.8)Configure root password for Kali Linux.Make sure you remember your root password .Press 'Continue' for root password verification

root password

verify root password

5.9)Configuring the clock

Choose your state

5.10)Choose 'Guided-use entire disk' . For more information on other selection, please visit here.

5.11)Choose disk to partition.

5.12)Choose 'All files in one partition (recomended for new users)'

5.13) Choose 'Finish partitioning and write changes to disk'

Confirm and finished

5.14) Choose 'Yes' .The system will then begin to install and will prompt if needs any feedback from the user.

5.15) You will be prompted with using Network mirror ,I Choose 'No' in this steps.It will continue to install.

(p/s: I think I should choose 'YES' on this step as I face some linux headers issue when creating kali linux guest addition .I will share it in my next post .Please let me know how you go on this step)

Network mirror

5.16)The system will then ask to install GRUB boot loader to master boot record. Choose 'Yes' . It will complete the installation and will then request for system reboot.Choose 'Continue'